Man Overboard Maneuver: Safety Guide

The man overboard maneuver is the procedure that allows recovering a person who has fallen into the water from a vessel. This protocol is essential in any type of navigation, whether recreational or professional, and must be mastered by the entire crew to minimize risks.

Step-by-step protocol: How to perform the maneuver?

1. Identification and alert

• Shout "Man overboard!" to notify the entire crew.
• Assign a lookout to keep constant visual contact with the person.

2. Ensuring buoyancy

• Immediately throw a lifebuoy, floating cushion, or another object to help the person stay afloat.
• If you have devices with strobe lights or beacons, use them to improve visibility, especially in low-light conditions.

3. Vessel control

• If the boat is motorized, stop the engine immediately to avoid accidents with the propeller.
• On a sailboat, adjust the sheets to maneuver without losing stability.

4. Return and rescue maneuver

• Motorboat: Perform a wide "U-turn," approaching from leeward.
• Sailboat: Execute specific maneuvers such as "head to wind" or "round up" to approach the person.
• Small vessels: Use oars or boat hooks to approach safely.

5. Recovery of the person

• Use ropes, lifebuoys, or pulleys to hoist the person safely.
• Ensure they are stable before attempting to bring them aboard.

6. First aid

• Check their physical condition and provide immediate assistance if necessary.
• If unconscious, request medical help immediately via the VHF emergency channel (channel 16).

Man overboard maneuvers by vessel type

On sailboats

• Boutakov Circle: Perform a 360° turn to return to the point of fall.
• Head to wind: Approach against the wind to facilitate the rescue.
• Figure-eight maneuver: Adjust sails and make a wide course to position the boat near the person.

On motorboats

• Reduce speed and perform a wide "U-turn."
• Approach from leeward to ensure vessel stability.

On small vessels

• Stop the engine immediately and use oars or boat hooks to rescue the person in a controlled manner.

Common mistakes and how to avoid them

1. Losing sight of the person: Always assign a crew member to maintain visual contact.
2. Lack of training: Conduct regular drills to improve crew preparedness.
3. Not using the right equipment: Inspect rescue devices before setting sail.
4. Rushed maneuvers: Follow the established protocol calmly and precisely.

Essential equipment for the man overboard maneuver

• Lifebuoys and rescue lines.
• Strobe lights for low-visibility conditions.
• Personal flotation devices (PFDs) for the entire crew.

The importance of prevention

The best way to avoid these situations is to be prepared:

• Use harnesses and lifelines in adverse conditions.
• Avoid sudden movements on deck.
• Train the crew in safety procedures.

The man overboard maneuver is a procedure that requires speed, coordination, and preparation. Practicing this technique and having the proper equipment ensures crew safety and reinforces confidence in your nautical skills. Remember that at sea, every second counts, and being prepared can save lives.